1h Basal Ganglia - dysfunctions

Question 1

Parkinson’s Disease

Answer 1

hypokinetic (decrease body movement); loss of dopaminergic neurons (at least 70%)

Question 2

Tardive Dyskinesia

Answer 2

hypokinesis (decrease body movement) & bradykinesis (slowness of movement)

Question 3

Huntington’s Chorea

Answer 3

hyperkinetic (increase body movement); uncontrollable fidgeting - wasting of frontal lobe and striatum

Question 4

Ballismus (or hemiballismus)

Answer 4

hyperkinetic (increase body movement); wild flinging of arms or legs (due to selective destruction of subthalamic nucleus) – if hemi, contralateral side is effected

Question 5

Dystonia

Answer 5

sustained muscle contraction