1905 revolution - causes Flashcards
growing peasant unrest - due to? [5]
high taxes - to pay for industrialisation
redemption dues
overpopulation
bad harvests in late 1890s
growing peasant literacy
peasant unrest - aims?
sought to increase their landholdings and lower their taxes
industrial unrest - due to? [4]
high unemployment - recession of 1900-05 - wage cuts
industrial growth ended in 1899 - because of international financial crisis
increased number of strikes in 1890s - terrible living & working conditions of proletariat - Marxists played significant roles in strikes after mid-1890s
official trade unions - backfired - could organise strikes easier
industrial unrest - trade unions - whose idea?
aim?
why did it backfire?
what was ‘Bloody Sunday’ protest
Zubatov - Chief of Police in Moscow
wanted to channel working class discontent
unions could organise large-scale strikes
1905 - Father Gapon led & organised this uprising
growing political opposition [3]
Social Democratic Party - 1898
Social Revolutionary Party - 1901
Union of Liberation - organised series of reform banquets in 1904
growing unrest among non-Russian peoples - why?
what did it lead to?
in response to Russification policies of Alexander III & Nicholas II
led to upsurge in Finland - assassination of Bobrikov - 1904 - Finland’s governor-general
Military disaster - war - which war?
when?
what happened?
Russo-Japanese war
1904-5
Russia suffered several defeats - led to political banquets organised by Union of Liberation
how do peasants protest
1905 - burn down landowners’ houses
seize crops from their masters - nobility
Bloody Sunday - when?
who?
where?
resolution?
January 1905
demonstrators - led by Father Gabon
marched on Winter Palace
troops killed 1000+
consequences of Bloody Sunday - what was formed?
leader?
what did they want?
other consequences
July 1905 - liberals set up Kadet Party
led by Paul Miliukov
demanded an elected Duma (parliament)
nationwide strikes - Jan & Feb 1905
how did the Russian monarchy survive the 1905 revolution?
[6]
October Manifesto - Nicholas II made concessions
liberals prepared to support gov. - worried about St Petersburg Soviet (October)
Treaty of Portsmouth (September)- ended war in Japan - troops could now be moved back to restore order
December 1905 - ruthless suppression of workers’ rising in Moscow
April 1906 - Sergei Witte - Prime Minister - negotiated large loan from France
1906 - upturn in world trade - Russian industry recovered - grew at a rate of 6%
