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IFOM > 1.8 Rheumatology > Flashcards

1.8 Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

heberden and bouchard nodes

A

englargement of the interphalangeal joints that appear on osteoarthritis

heberden: distal
bouchard: proximal

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2
Q

side effects of colchicine

A

diarrhea

bone marrow suppression (neutropenia)

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3
Q

what drugs should I remove from a patient’s prescription to manage chronic gout?

A

thiazides

aspirin

niacin

*give losartan for hypertension

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4
Q

what to substitute allopurinol with if it is contraindicated?

A

febuxostat

xanthine oxidase inhibidor

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5
Q

pegloticase

A

dissolves uric acid

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6
Q

probenecid and sulfinpyrazone

A

increase the excretion of uric acid in the kidney

treat gout (rarely used)

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7
Q

antigout drugs that should not be started during acute attacks of gout

A

urisouric (probenecid, sulfinpyrazone)

allopurinol

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8
Q

what are the most common risk factors for pseudogout?

A

hemochromatosis

hyperparathyroidism

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9
Q

Milnacipran

A

Inhibitor od the Reuptake of Serotonin & Norepinephrin

approves specifically for the management of fibromyalgia

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10
Q

what joint is always spared in rheumatoid arthritis?

A

DIP

distal interpahalangeal joint

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11
Q

sicca syndrome

A

dry eyes, mouth and mucous membranes

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12
Q

RA + splenomegally and neutropenia

A

Felty Syndrome

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13
Q

RA + pneumoconiosis and lung nodules

A

Caplan Syndrome

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14
Q

What does a patient with RA + erosive disease or X-ray abnormalities need? Why?

A

Methotrexate!!!

to stop the progression of the disease

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15
Q

erosive RA

A
  • joint space narrowing
  • physical deformity
  • x-ray abnormalities
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16
Q

adverse effects of methotrexate

A
  • liver toxicity
  • lung toxicity
  • bone marrow suppression
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17
Q

which DMARDs are safe in pregnancy?

A

TNF inhibitors

(infliximab, adalimumab, etanercepts, golimumab, certolizumab)

Hydroychloroquine

Sulfasalazine

18
Q

what precautions do I need to take before giving a patient a TNF inhibitors?

A

screen for TB with PPD

19
Q

adverse effects of TNF inhibitors

A

reactivation of TB

infections

20
Q

adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine

A

toxicity to the retina

do a dilated eye exam

21
Q

sulfazalazine adverse effects

A

bone marrow toxicity

hemolysis with G6PD deficiency

rash

22
Q

adverse effect of rituximab

A

infection

23
Q

adverse effect of gold salts

A

nepthrotic syndrom

24
Q

🚩 rash, high spiking fever of unidentified etiology in a young person

A

JRA (juvenile rheumatoid arthritis)

25
Q

STILLS

A
  • Salmon colored rash
  • Temperatur elevation
  • Ill appearing patient
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Leukocytosis
  • Splenomegaly
26
Q

what are the 11 diagnostic critera for SLE?

A
  1. macular Rash
  2. discoid Rash
  3. photosentivity
  4. oral ulcers
  5. arthritis (normal x-ray)
  6. chest pain (with preicardia/pleural effusion)
  7. renal involvement (mc: membranous glom.)
  8. neurologic symptoms (psychosis, seizures, stroke)
  9. hemolytic anemia (mc: anemia of chronic disease)
  10. positive ANA
  11. postive:
    • Anti-double stranded DNA
    • Anti-Sm
    • False + for Syphilis
      • LE cell preparation
27
Q

🚩 thrombosis + recurrent spontaneous abortions

A

APL syndrome

28
Q

🚩 clotting + elevaded aPTT + normal PT

A

APL syndrome

29
Q

what is the treatment to preven spontaneous abortion recurrence?

A

heparin and aspirin

30
Q

CREST syndrome

A

(limited scleroderma)

Calcinosis

Raynaud

Esophageal dysmotility

Sclerodactyly

Telangiectasia

31
Q

💡 proximal weakness + dysphagia

A

inflammatory miositis

32
Q

💡 unresolving pneumonia not better with antibiotics

A

Wegner Granulomatosis

33
Q

🚩 leukocytoclastic vasculitis on biopsy

A

Henoch Scholein Purpura

34
Q

sterile skin postules from minor trauma

A

pathergy

35
Q

what is treatment for anti-TNF resistant psoriatic arthritis?

A

secu-kinu-mab

ixe-kizu-mab

antil IL17 medications

36
Q

apremilast

A

oral phosphodiesterase inhibitor

psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

37
Q

when does densitometry screening start?

A

all women above the age of 65

38
Q

denosumab

A

RANKL inhibitor

firt line with biphosphonates to treat osteoporosis

39
Q

🚩 bowel or bladder incontinence, erectile dysfunction with saddle area anesthesia

A

cauda equina syndrome

40
Q

3 main types of antiphospholipid syndrome

A

lupus anticoagulant

anticardiolipin antibodies

beta 2 glycoprotein

41
Q
A

IFOM (11 decks)

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