17.1 Studying inheritance Flashcards
Define gene
A sequence of bases on a DNA molecule that codes for a protein which results in a characteristic
Define allele
A different version of a gene.
Define genotype
Genetic constitution of an organism - the alleles an organism has
Define phenotype
The expression of the genetic constitution and its interaction with the environment
Define dominant
An allele whose characteristic appears in the phenotype even when there’s only one copy. Masks recessive alleles.
Define Recessive
An allele whose characteristic only appears in the phenotype if two copies are present. Is masked by a dominant gene.
Define Codominant
Alleles are both expressed in phenotype
Define Locus
The fixed position of a gene on a chromosome
Define homozygote
An organism that carries two copies of the same allele
Define Heterozygote
An organism that carries two different
Define carrier
A person carrying an allele which is not expressed in the phenotype but that can be passed on to offspring
Define Diploid
Having two sets of chromosomes (results in two copies of each allele)
Define gamete
a sex cell
What are genetic diagrams used for?
To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring
What is monohybrid inheritance?
The inheritance of a characteristic controlled by a single gene
