16 - the judiciary Flashcards
what is the judiciary
a collectivee term for all the judges in the english legal system
what courts may inferior judges me found in?
crown
county
magistrates
tribunals
what courts may superior judges be found in?
the supreme court
court of appeal
high court
name of judges in the supreme court
justices of the supreme court
role of judges in the supreme court
hear appeals on points of law in both criminal and civil cases
they are able set to binding precident
name of judges found in the court of appeal
lord justices of appeal
role of court of appeal judges
- in criminal cases to hear appeals on conviction of sentence
- in civil cases on liability of amount awarded
name of judges in the high court
pusine judges
high court judges
role of judges in the high court
sit in one of three divisions
hear first instance cases in civil cases of high value
hear criminal and civil appeals from lower courts
name of judges in crown court
- high court judges may be used in serious situations
- circuit judges
- recorder
role of judges in the crown court
- complex and serious crimianl cases
- appeals from lower courts
- try cases with a jury
- sentence
- decide the law
name of judges in county court
cicuit judges
recorders
sometimes district judges in small claims
role of judges in county court
hear civil cases
decide laibility and remedies
name of judges in magistrates court
district judges
role of county court judges
- hear low level crimianl cases
- decide verdicts/sentence
- hear some civil cases such as family
name of judges in tribunals
tribunal judges
role of tribunal judges
here cases on specific issues such as employment
how is judicial independance achieves
security of tenure
immuniry from suit
indpendence from the executive
secuirty of tenure
- judges hold office during ‘good behaviour’
- suprerior judges can only be removed by both houses of parliament and the crown
- inferior judges can be removed by the Lord chancellor on grounds of misconduct or incapacity
immunity from suit
free from legal action while sevring correcctly in their capacity of a judge
cant be sued for defermation
independnace of teh executive
- should be indpendnat from pressure of the government or any other influence
- judges salaires and pensions set by an indpendnat body
reasons for judicial independance
- fair and impatial justice
- protect the rights of citizens from the government
- ensure that decisions are based on fact
