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Nursing > 16 - PREVENTING INFECTION (WEEK 1) > Flashcards

16 - PREVENTING INFECTION (WEEK 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

Passing microbes from person to person by contaminated hands, equipment, or supplies is

A

Cross-contamination

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2
Q

A carrier (animal, insect) that transmits disease is a

A

Vector

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3
Q

A small living plant or animal seen only with a microscope; a microbe is

A

Microorganism

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4
Q

A human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not have signs and symptoms of infection is a

A

Carrier

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5
Q

Protection against a certain disease

A

Immunity

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6
Q

A preparation containing dead or weakened microbes is a

A

Vaccine

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7
Q

A work area free of all pathogens and non-pathogens is a

A

Sterile field

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8
Q

Practices and procedures that prevent the spread of disease are

A

Infection control

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9
Q

The practices used to removes or reduce pathogens and to prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean technique is

A

Medical Asepsis

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10
Q

A drug that kills microbes that cause infections

A

Antibiotics

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11
Q

A disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of microorganisms in the body is

A

Infection

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12
Q

The practices that keep equipment and supplies free of all microbes; sterile technique

A

Surgical Asepsis

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13
Q

Any substance that transmits microbes is a

A

Vehicle

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14
Q

The process of destroying pathogens is

A

Disinfection

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15
Q

The processes, procedures, and chemical treatments that kill microbes or prevent them from causing an infection is

A

Antisepsis

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16
Q

An infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given is a

A

Health-care Associated Infection (HAI)

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17
Q

Being free of disease-producing microbes

A

Asepsis

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18
Q

Another name for a microorganism is a

A

Microbe

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19
Q

A liquid chemical that can kill many or all pathogens except spores is

A

Disinfectant

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20
Q

Medical asepsis is also called

A

Clean technique

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21
Q

The process of becoming unclean is

A

Contamination

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22
Q

The absence of all microbes is

A

Sterile

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23
Q

Surgical Asepsis is also called

A

Sterile Technique

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24
Q

A bacterium protected by a hard shell is a

A

Spore

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25
Q

Microbes that usually live and grow in a certain area are

A

Normal Flora

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26
Q

A microbe that does not usually cause an infection is a

A

Non-pathogen

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27
Q

The process of destroying all microbes is

A

Sterilization

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28
Q

A microbe that is harmful and can cause an infection is a

A

Pathogen

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29
Q

The administration of a vaccine to produce immunity against an infectious disease is a

A

Vaccination

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30
Q

The type of microbe that can cause an infection in any body system is?

A

Bacteria

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31
Q

Rickettsiae are transmitted to humans by

A

Insect bites

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32
Q

In order to live and grow, all microbes require

A

A reservoir

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33
Q

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is considered normal flora in the colon but is a pathogen if it enters the urinary system. How does this knowledge impact the nursing assistant’s duties?

A

Attention is given to perineal care

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34
Q

Why are multidrug-resistant organisms (MIDROs) a concern?

A

Infections caused by MIDROs are hard to treat

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35
Q

Which of this is a sign of symptom?

A

A. Weight gain
B. Constipation
C. Confusion
D. Increase apetite

C

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36
Q

An older person is at higher risk for infection because of changes in

A

The immune system

37
Q

What care measure breaks the chain of infection at the portal of entry?

A

Washing your hands between caring for different people

38
Q

What care measure breaks the chain of infection at the portal of exit?

A

Putting a mask on a patient who has a cough

39
Q

Health-care associated infections often occur when

A

Hand-washing is poor

40
Q

What situation requires surgical asepsis?

A

You are assisting the nurse with a sterile dressing change.

41
Q

To prevent the spread of microbes

A

Wash your hands

42
Q

When washing hands you should,

A

Keep hands lower than the elbows

43
Q

Clean under the fingernails by rubbing your fingers against your palms

A

Each time you wash your hands

44
Q

To avoid contaminating your hands, turn off the faucets

A

With clean paper towels

45
Q

What situation could you use alcohol-based hand sanitizer to decontaminate your hands?

A

You took a person’s blood pressure and the person’s skin was intact.

46
Q

Which common aseptic practice prevents the spread of microbes in long-term care settings?

A

Use a disinfectant to clean surfaces in the bathroom

47
Q

For older persons with dementia, what would you do to protect them from infection?

A

Frequently check and clean their hands and nails

48
Q

When cleaning contaminated equipment

A

Wear PPE

49
Q

Organic material is removed from re-usable items with

A

Cold water rinse

50
Q

A good, cheap disinfectant to use in the home is

A

White vinegar solution

51
Q

To sterilize items in the home, boil the items for 10 minutes. Add 1 minute for each 1000 feet of elevation. If the home is at 2000 feet above sea level, how long should you boil the items?

A

12 minutes

52
Q

What viruses are bloodborne pathogens?

A

HIV & HBV

53
Q

Which item has the greatest risk for transmitting bloodborne pathogens?

A

Needle used to draw body fluid

54
Q

Staff who are at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens receive free training. Which information is included?

A

Which tasks or circumstances might cause exposure

55
Q

The hepatitis B virus vaccine

A

Involves 3 injections

56
Q

What nursing assistant is using a work practice control to reduce exposure risks?

A

Washes her hands after removing her gloves

57
Q

Which situation would prompt you to obtain PPE?

A

Person has a HAI and needs help to get out of bed

58
Q

Broke glass is cleaned up by

A

Using a brush and dustpan or tongs

59
Q

Which waste would need to be treated and dispose of as regulated waste, in containers that are closable, puncture-resistant, leak-proof and labeled with the biohazard symbol?

A

Contaminated sharps and fluids

60
Q

If you are working in a home and need to dispose of sharps, you may need to

A

Place them in a plastic bag labeled with biohazard symbol.

61
Q

You accidentally get stuck in the finger with used needle. What should you do first?

A

Report it at once to the supervising nurse

62
Q

If a sterile item touches a clean item, the sterile item

A

Is contaminated and should not be used

63
Q

When working with a sterile field, you should

A

Keep items within your vision and above your waist

64
Q

What would you do when arranging the inner package of sterile gloves?

A

Have the right glove on the right and the left glove on the left

65
Q

When picking up the first sterile glove

A

Pick it up by the cuff and touch only the inside

66
Q

An item is placed in an autoclave

A

Surgial/Sterile Asepsis

67
Q

Each person has his or her own toothbrush, towel, washcloth, and other personal items

A

Medical/Clean Asepsis

68
Q

Hands are washed before preparing food

A

Medical/Clean Asepsis

69
Q

Contaminated items are boiled in water for at least 10 min

A

Surgical/Sterile Asepsis

70
Q

Disposable supplies and equipment reduce the spread of infection

A

Medical/Clean Asepsis

71
Q

Liquid or gas chemicals are used to destroy microbes

A

Surgical/Sterile Asepsis

72
Q

Hands are washed everytime you use the bathroom

A

Medical/Clean Asepsis

73
Q

Provide the person with tissues to use when coughing or sneezing

A

Portal of Exit

74
Q

Make sure linens are dry and wrinkle-free to protect the skin

A

Portal of entry

75
Q

Use leak-proof plastic bags for soiled tissue, linens, and other materials

A

Reservoir

76
Q

Do not take equipment from one person to use on another person

A

Transmission

77
Q

Hold equipment and linens away from your uniform

A

Transmission

78
Q

Assists with cleaning or clean the genital area after elimination

A

Portal of Entry

79
Q

Clean from cleanest to dirtiest

A

Transmission

80
Q

Label bottles with the person’s name and the date it was opened

A

Reservoir

81
Q

Follow the care plan to meet the person’s nutritional and fluid needs

A

Susceptible Host

82
Q

Make sure drainage tubes are properly connected

A

Portal of Entry

83
Q

Do not use items that are on the floor

A

Transmission

84
Q

Assist the person with cough and deep-breathing exercises as directed

A

Susceptible Host

85
Q

Don’t sit on the person’s bed. You will pick up microorganisms and transfer them.

A

Transmission

86
Q

Another sign and symptom of infection

A

Redness in a body part

87
Q

Name of infection that is in a body part?

A

Local Infection

88
Q

Name of infection that in the whole body?

A

Systemic Infection

Nursing (3 decks)

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