18.5 isolation & speciation Flashcards

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1
Q

how does speciation happen through adaptive radiation?

A
  • species is seperated geographically
  • reproductive isolation / no gene flow / gene pools kept seperate
  • exposed to different selection pressures
  • variation due to mutations
  • change in allelic frequency / advantageous allele selected for
  • can’t interbreed to produce fertile offspring
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2
Q

what are the different isolation mechanisms?

A

geographical - seperated by physical barriers
ecological - inhabit different habitats
temporal - different breeding seasons
behavioural - different courtship behaviour
mechanical - genitalis don’t interact
gametic - male gamete doesn’t fuse with female gamete
hybrid sterility - hybrid doesn’t produce viable gamete / offspring

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3
Q

what is allopatric speciation?

A

species are seperated geographically -> prevent interbreeding

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4
Q

what is sympathic speciation?

A

speciation within a population within the same area & don’t interbreed

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5
Q

where does genetic drift occur?

A

occur in small populations w. smaller gene pool

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6
Q

what will result with a great effect of genetic drift?

A

population change rapidly & more likely to develop new species

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7
Q

how does genetic drift affect allelic frequency?

A

allele being passed on will cause great change due to high allelic frequency

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