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A Level Physics > 1.3 - Photons > Flashcards

1.3 - Photons Flashcards

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1
Q

What speed do electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum

A

The speed of light (c)
3.00 x 10^8

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2
Q

How do you find the wave length of electromagnetic radiation

A

Wavelength = speed of light / frequency

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3
Q

Radiowave wavelength

A

> 0.1m

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4
Q

Microwave wavelength

A

0.1 m to 1mm

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5
Q

Infrared radiation wavelength

A

1mm to 700nm

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6
Q

Visible light wavelength

A

700nm to 400nm

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7
Q

Ultraviolet wavelength

A

400nm to 1nm

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8
Q

X-ray wavelength

A

10nm to 0.001nm

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9
Q

Gamma ray wavelength

A

<1nm

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10
Q

What does an electromagnetic wave consist of

A

Electric wave and magnetic wave that travel together and vibrate at right angles to each other and to the direction they are travelling
They also vibrate in phase with eachother (the waves reach a peak together)

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11
Q

What are electromagnetic waves emitted by

A

Charged particles when they lose energy

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12
Q

When is an electromagnetic wave emitted

A
  • When a fast moving electron is stopped (for example in an X-ray tube) or slows down or changes direction
  • when an electron in a shell of an atom moves to a different shell of lower energy
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13
Q

What are electromagnetic waves emitted as

A

Short bursts of waves, each burst leaving the source in a different direction.
Each burst is a packet of electromagnetic waves and is referred to as a photon

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14
Q

What is a photon

A

A packet of electromagnetic waves

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15
Q

Who was the photon theory explained by

A

Einstein in 1905 when he used his ideas to explain the photoelectric effect

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16
Q

What is the photo electric effect

A

The emission of electrons from a metal surface when light is directed at the surface

17
Q

What is the equation to find out photon energy

A

E =hf
Where h is Planck constant
And f is frequency

18
Q

What is Planck constant

A

6.63x10^-34 Js

19
Q

What does a laser beam consist of

A

Photons of the same frequency

20
Q

What is the power of a laser beam

A

The energy per second transferred by the photons

21
Q

The power of the beam =

A

nhf

Where n is the number of photons passing through a fixed point each second

Hf because each photon has energy

A Level Physics (16 decks)

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