Lab Quiz 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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2
Q

What is the procedure to the DNA lab

A

1) Freeze the rubbing alcohol
2) make the extraction liquid
3) put strawberries in a plastic bag, squeezing out all the air
4) mash the strawberries
5) Add the extraction liquid to the strawberries
6) mash the mixture together for a minute
7) place a layer of cheesecloth inside the funnel and set the funnel on top of the beaker
8) pour the strawberry mixture from the bag into the funnel
9) throw away cheesecloth
10) pour the contents of the glass into the test tube until 1/4 full
11) tilt the test tube and pour rubbing alcohol down the side. Do not mix alcohol with the strawberry juice.
12) Let it sit for a few minutes. A whitish material should appear, that is DNA

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3
Q

How is extraction liquid made

A

Salt, water and detergent

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4
Q

detergent purpose

A

detergent is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, used as a separator in the experiment

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5
Q

what does alcohol do

A

it precipitates the DNA

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6
Q

What are the steps of the scientific method

A

1) make an observation
2) ask a question
3) make a research hypotheses
4) state the null hypotheses
5) make predictions
6) test hypotheses
7) repeat

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7
Q

What is the importance of the scientific method

A

to make observations, approach problems and generate possible answers to questions

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8
Q

What is a hypothesis

A

A proposed explanation for an observation

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9
Q

What is a null hypothesis

A

A theory based on insufficient evidence that requires further testing

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10
Q

What is an independent variable

A

the variable that is changed

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11
Q

what is the dependent variable

A

a variable that is tested and measured

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12
Q

explain earth worm experiment

A

draw a circle, put the worm in the center, observe what it does, after a while draw a new circle but have a break in it and observe what the worm does again.

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13
Q

what is the classification skyme order

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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14
Q

What is a Daphnia

A

Water Flea

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15
Q

What is Kinesis

A

A change in movement speed or pattern induced by the presence of a stimulus

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16
Q

what is fixed action patterns

A

A complex series of stereotyped behaviors that is encoded genetically within an organism

17
Q

What is learned behaviors

A

they are generally modified according to an animals experience

18
Q

Sow bugs are what

A

crustation lisopods, meanings legs are similar

19
Q

Where did cockroaches come from

A

Madagascar

20
Q

What are the five hardy Wineburg theory

A

1) the population is very large and well mixed
2) there is no migration
3)there are no mutations
4) mating is random
5) there is no natural selection

21
Q

What are the equations

A

1) p+q=1.0 and p^2+ 2pq+p^2=1.0

22
Q

What are the key concepts (in-depth film guide)

A

1) a mutation is a random change to an organisms’s DNA sequence
2) the environment contributes to determining whether a mutation is advantageous, deleterious, or neutral.
3) Mutations that increase the fitness of an organism increase in frequency in a population.
4) evolution can happen quickly
5) different mutations in the same gene, or even mutations in different genes, can result in the same phenotype
6) while mutations can be random, natural selection is not random
7) selective pressure depends on the environment in which an organism lives.

23
Q

How do the pocket mice survive in the desert

A

their fur color adapts to the color of the enviroment they live in