Chapter 17 - Energy for biological processes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the use of active transport within a cell body?

A

Essential for the uptake of nitrates, loading of sucrose, selective reabsorption in the kidneys and nerve impulse conduction

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2
Q

What is the use of anabolic reactions within a cell body?

A

Essential for the building of polymers (proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids) which are essential for growth and repair

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3
Q

What are the 3 metabolic activities within a cell body?

A

Active transport, anabolic reactions and movement due to muscle cells

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4
Q

Where does most energy come from to be able to fuel metabolic reactions?

A

Sun radiation

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5
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

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6
Q

How is energy gained by a plant?

A

Light gets trapped within chlorophyll molecules

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7
Q

What is the equation for respiration?

A

Glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide

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8
Q

What use is made of the energy released from bonds during respiration?

A

Used for the synthesis of ATP

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9
Q

Describe the relationship between bonds and energy:

A

Bonds breaking uses energy, bond making creates energy

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10
Q

What is chemiosmosis?

A

The diffusion of from an area of high to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane, releasing energy driving an inorganic phosphate to ADP to create ATP

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11
Q

What is the use of the electron transport chain?

A

To pass electrons down a chain to progress them to a lower energy level and to release energy in order to pump protons across a membrane.

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12
Q

What are the two types of organism?

A

Autotrophic - organisms that can photosynthesis to produce their own molecules
Heterotrophic - organisms that obtain molecules by eating other organisms

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13
Q

What is present within a chloroplast?

A

Stroma (containing DNA), granum stacks (stack of thylakoids), intergranal lamella, outer and inner membranes

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