1.2 Normal Flow Characteristics

Question 1

Proximal (suprarenal) Aorta has what waveform?

Answer 1

Low resistance

Question 2

Low resistance waveforms have what characteristics?

Answer 2

Sharp systolic upstroke

Forward slow thru diastole

Question 3

Typical velocity of Aorta Proximal to renals?

Answer 3

80-100 cm/s

Question 4

Aorta Distal to renals has what waveform?

Answer 4

High resistance with reverse flow component

Question 5

What type of waveform does the Main renal artery (MRA) have?

Answer 5

Low resistance

Question 6

Typical velocity of MRA?

Answer 6

74-127 cm/sec

Question 7

Velocites greater than ________ are abnormal and suggest a stenosis of > _________%

Answer 7

180 cm/s; >60%

Question 8

Renal artery PSV to Aortic PSV ratio (RAR) is?

Answer 8

< 3.5

Question 9

What area can cause velocity measurements to be very high?

Answer 9

Doppler angle at the renal oriface

Question 10

Which artery has multiple branches and waveform similar to distal renal artery but with lower velocities?

Answer 10

Segmental artery

Question 11

What does a normal segmental artery waveform look like?

Answer 11

Sharp systolic upstroke (ESP) early systolic peak

Diacrotic notch

Question 12

What does a abnormal segmental artery waveform look like?

Answer 12

delayed acceleration time and rounded peak

Question 13

What is the normal acceleration time of a segmental artery ?

Answer 13

< 0.07 seconds

Question 14

What is the normal RI of a segmental artery?

Answer 14

< 0.75

Question 15

What is the ABNORMAL acceleration time of a segmental artery ?

Answer 15

> 0.1 seconds

Question 16

What is the grey zone for acceleration time of a segmental artery ?

Answer 16

> 0.07 - 0.1

Question 17

What does an ABNORMAL segmental artery waveform look like?

Answer 17

Tardus parvus (dampened) waveform

Question 18

What does a Tardus Parvus waveform look like

Answer 18

Loss of ESP (early systolic peak)
Flattened systolic upslope
Reduced color flow in kidney, unilaterally

Question 19

What is the medullary artery called?

Answer 19

InterloBAR artery

Question 20

What is the corticol artery called?

Answer 20

Arcuate artery

Question 21

What is the parenchymal artery called?

Answer 21

interlobULAR artery

Question 22

Where are the interloBAR ateries found?

Answer 22

Between the collecting system calyces

Question 23

Where are the interlobar artery doppler signals obtained?

Answer 23

UP, Mid, LP

Question 24

Interlobar artery waveforms are similar to segmental waveforms but the velocities are?

Answer 24

30-40cm/s

Question 25

The corticol region of the kidneys are called the ____________arteries

Answer 25

Parenchymal arteries

Question 26

What are the parenchymal/corticol arteries called?

Answer 26

Arcuate and Interlobular arteries

Question 27

What is the End Diastolic ratio?

Answer 27

EDV/PSV

Question 28

What is the End Diastolic ratio used for ?

Answer 28

to determine an increase in resistance

Question 29

What is the normal End Diastolic ratio?

Answer 29

> 0.33

Question 30

What is an ABNORMAL End Diastolic ratio?

Answer 30

< 0.23

Question 31

What is the normal waveform for the renal veins near the IVC?

Answer 31

Pulsatile (close to heart)

Question 32

What is the normal waveform for the renal veins distally?

Answer 32

Phasic (change with respiration)