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3D MED FMF Study > 102 USMC History > Flashcards

102 USMC History Flashcards

1
Q

The Marine corps was created on

A

10 NOV 1775, in TUN tavern Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by a resolution of Congress. Capt Samuel Nicholas raised two battalions.

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2
Q

1st Commandant of the USMC

A

Capt Samuel Nicholas

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3
Q

What year did the USMC fall under the Dept of the Navy?

A

1834

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4
Q

What year was the national security act created?

A

1947

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5
Q

What year was the national security Act of 1947 amended?

A

1952, to present

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6
Q

What year was the first Marine beach landing?

A

1776

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7
Q

What was the uniform of the day in 1776?

A

A thick leather stock worn around the neck, “leatherneck”

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8
Q

Where was the first beach landing?

A

New Providence island, Bahamas. Marines seized guns and supplies.

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9
Q

What happened in 1805?

A

Marines stormed the barbary pirates strong hold at Burma, “on the shores of Tripoli”. Marines raised the stars and strips for the first time in the Eastern hemisphere

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10
Q

What happened in 1847?

A

During the Mexican war, Marines occupied the Halls of Montezuma” during the battle of Chupultpec In Mexico City. The royal palace fell to invading Marines whom were the first to enter the capital. Marines also help take California.

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11
Q

What happened in 1859?

A

Under the command of Col Robert E Lee (USArmy) Marines stormed the United States arsenal at Harper’s Ferry to out down an attempted slave revolt. Led by abolishist John Brown

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12
Q

What happened in 1868?

A

Marines adopted the EGA, by 7th Commandant Brigadier General Jacob Zeilen whom modified the British Marine emblem to depict Marines as both American and Maritime.

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13
Q

What does the eagle, globe, and anchor represent?

A

The eagle represents the nation itself, the globe represents worldwide service, the anchor represents sea traditions.

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14
Q

What happened in 1883?

A

The motto of the Marine corps was established. “Semper Fidelis” Always faithful was created. Also commonly known as Semper Fi.

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15
Q

What happened in 1900?

A

In support of forgein policy. Marines for ships in the Asiatic station defended the American legation in Peking, China during the Chinese boxer rebellion.

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16
Q

What happened in 1913?

A

The Marine corps aviation was established, Major Alfred A Cunningham was the first USMC pilot.

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17
Q

Who was the first USMC pilot?

A

Major Alfred A Cunningham

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18
Q

What happened in 1917?

A

Marines landed as part of the American force in France. They participated in 8 destinct operations, and we’re awarded a number of decerations. One being the French fourragere still worn by the 5th and 6th Marines.

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19
Q

In 1917, Marines participated in how many distinct operations?

A

8

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20
Q

Whom still wears the French fourragere?

A

The 5th and 6th marinea

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21
Q

What happened in 1933?

A

The Marines corps was reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force. Established the command and administration relations between the Fleet and the Corps. The Marine corps board was established in Quantico,VA. Marines began testing and devopling new materials for landing operations.

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22
Q

Where was the Marine equipment board established?

A

Quantico, VA

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23
Q

What happened in 1965?

A

Marines entered the longest war, the participated in long scale offenses. And also participated in a pacification campginan to win the hearts and minds on the people. They also stop a coup in the Donovan reblic

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24
Q

Marines deployed to Lebanon as part of a multinational peacekeeping force in…?

A

1982

25
Q

What is important about 23 OCTOBER 1983

A

A suicide truck bomb attack on the HQ building killed 241 Americans and wounded 70 others

26
Q

When did the last Marine unit withdraw from Lebanon?

A

JUL of 1984

27
Q

Operation Desert Storm launched in?

A

January of 1991

28
Q

Operation Enduring freedom launched in?

A

2001

29
Q

Operation Enduring freedom was under the umbrella of the ?

A

Global war on terrorism (GWOT)

30
Q

When did early combat operations occur for operation Enduring freedom?

A

7 OCTOBER 2001

31
Q

The invasion of IRAQ happened from # to #?

A

20 MARCH to 1 MAY 2003

32
Q

The first battle of Fallujah was codenamed?

A

Operation Vigilant Resolve

33
Q

During the first battle of Fallujah when was the unsuccessful attempt to capture the city made?

A

APRIL 2004

34
Q

What are the code names of the Second battle of Fallujah?

A

Operation Al-Fajr and Operation Phantom Fury

35
Q

Al-Fajr is Arabic meaning?

A

the dawn

36
Q

The second battle of Fallujah happened from # to #?

A

November to December 2004

37
Q

What was significant about the Battle of Belleu Wood?

A

Marines fought their greatest battle in history during WW1 in France. Marines crushed the German offensive attacking Paris.

38
Q

German Intel during the battle of Belleu Wood, classified Marines as?

A

Storm Troops, the highest rating on the enemy fighting scale

39
Q

Due to the Marines ferocious fighting ability German troops nick named the Marines? Meaning what?

A

Teufelhuden, Devil Dogs

40
Q

The Battle of Guadalcanal happened on?

A

7 AUGUST 1942

41
Q

What Marine Division landed on the beaches of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands launching the US first offensive during ww2

A

1st MARDIV

42
Q

What battle marked the first combat test for the new amphibious doctrine?

A

The battle of Guadalcanal

43
Q

Amphibious landings followed on the remaining Solomon islands to include?

A

New Georgia, Choiseul (FEINT) and Bougainville

44
Q

What Islands were the first in line of advance for the offensive in the central pacific during the Battle of Tarawa?

A

The Gilbert Islands

45
Q

The primary objective of Tarawa Atoll and Beito Island which had been fortified, what did the Japanese commander proclaim?

A

“It would take a million Americans 100 years to conquer it.”

46
Q

When and how long did it take Marines during the Battle of Tarawa to complete their objective?

A

20 NOVEMBER 1943 and 96 hours

47
Q

Why did Marines take heavy loses during the battle of Tarawa?

A

Because of the extended reef, landing craft couldn’t make it to the beaches. Marines were off loaded hundreds of yards from shore. Many Marines were killed from heavy enemy fire and drowning.

48
Q

Due to the need for Airfields by the Air force and advanced Navy bases. The battle of Mariana islands was launched, what are the islands?

A

Saipan, Guam, and Tinian

49
Q

When did Lt. General Holland M. Smith lead a combined force of 136000 troops?

A

June and July of 1943

50
Q

When did the battle of Iwo Jima occur?

A

19 February 1945

51
Q

The Marine corps lost how many casualties during their bloodiest and largest all marine battle in history?

A

23,300

52
Q

ADM Chester W. Nimitz quote about the savage battle of Iwo Jima?

A

“Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was common virtue.”

53
Q

When did the Battle of Chosin Reservoir occur?

A

November 1950

54
Q

When Marines were cut off by 10 Communist Chinese

Forces Divisions sent to annihilate the Americans, how many divisions did the Marines Smash?

A

seven Divisions

55
Q

What was the major significance of the battle of Chosin reservoir?

A

marines brought out all operable equipment, properly evacuated their wounded and maintained tactical integrity

56
Q

The Battle of Hue City happened on what Vietnamese Holiday?

A

TET

57
Q

When did communist forces attack Hue city?

A

January of 1968

58
Q

During the Battle of Hue city, fighting was done house to house and measured by yards, when did the Marines secure the city?

A

25 February 1968

3D MED FMF Study (12 decks)

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