Memory Studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Sperling

A

Sensory register investigation:

  • Lab experiment
  • Shown a grid 4x3 or letters
  • Immediate recall of whole grid or a row
  • Any row, recalled 3 items suggesting almost the whole grid was in the sensory register but faded before the end of recall
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2
Q

Peterson and Peterson

A

STM duration study
- nonsense trigrams (CGH) and asked to recall after 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18 seconds
- during pause, they had to count back in 3s from random number (prevent rehearsal)
- 3s - 80%
- 18s- 10%
STM duration is 18 s

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3
Q

Bahrick et al

A

LTM duration study
- asked to name ex classmates (free recall)
- photo recognition test
- 15 years- 90% names and faces correct
- 48 years - declined to 40%
High ecological validity, no way of knowing why some information is stored well

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4
Q

Jacobs

A

Capacity of STM

  • String of letters/digits
  • Repeat back in same order
  • 9 digits recalled, 7 letters recalled.
  • STM has storage of 5-9 items
  • Lacks ecological validity
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5
Q

Baddeley

A
Coding in STM and LTM
- acoustically similar words 
-acoustically dissimilar 
- semantically similar 
- semantically dissimilar 
AS group struggled immediately 
SS group struggled after 20 min gap
- suggests STM coded acoustically 
- LTM coded semantically
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6
Q

HM

A

-epilepsy
- removed hippocampus
- STM unaffected
- unable to form new LTM memories
Supports separate systems

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7
Q

KF

A

impaired STM
- couldn’t recall words presented verbally
- impaired articulatory loop but I face visuospatial sketch pad
Supports working memory model - different stores for STM

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8
Q

Cognitive interview support

A
  • Staged situation, man in blue rucksack stole projector
  • 2 days later participants asked about it
  • independent groups, standard or cognitive interview
  • misleading question used (implying green rucksack) cognitive interview participants less likely to be affected by it
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