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biology > 1 Classification > Flashcards

1 Classification Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

Define movement

A

an action by an organism or part of an organism that causes a change of position or place

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2
Q

Define respiration

A

chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism

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3
Q

Define sensitivity

A

ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal and external environment

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4
Q

Define growth

A

permanent increase in size and dry mass

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5
Q

Define reproduction

A

process that makes more of the same kind of organism

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6
Q

Define excretion

A

removal of waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirements

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7
Q

Define nutrition

A

taking in of materials for energy, growth, and development

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8
Q

2 ways organisms can be classified

A

by the features they share and the sequence of the bases in their DNA

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9
Q

Define species

A

a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offsprings

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10
Q

Define binomial system

A

an internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of two parts showing the genus and species (Eg. Canis lupus)

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11
Q

Define evolution

A

the change in adaptive features over time, as a result of natural selection

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12
Q

Features of animals

A
  • multicellular
  • cells have a nucleus, but no cell wall or chloroplasts
  • feeds on organic substances made by other living organisms
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13
Q

Features of plants

A
  • multicellular
  • cells have a nucleus, cell walls made of cellulose and often have chloroplasts
  • feed by photosynthesis
  • often have roots, stem, and leaves
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14
Q

Features of fungi

A
  • usually multicellular
  • cells have a nucleus and cell walls not made of cellulose
  • cells do not have chlorophyll
  • feeds by parasitic nutrition
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15
Q

Features of Protoctista

A
  • multicellular or unicellular
  • cells have a nucleus
  • some cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts
  • some feed by photosynthesis while others feed on organic substances by other living things
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16
Q

Features of Prokaryotes

A
  • unicellular
  • cells do not have a nucleus and mitochondria
  • cells walls are not made of cellulose
17
Q

What is a virus?

A

a piece of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

18
Q

Features of fish

A
  • vertebrates with scaly skin
  • have gills and fins
19
Q

Features of amphibians

A
  • vertebrates with moist, scale-less skin
  • lay eggs in water and larva live in water
  • adults often live on land
  • larva have gills, adults have lungs
20
Q

Features of reptiles

A
  • vertebrates with scaly skin
  • lay eggs with rubbery and waterproof shells
21
Q

Features of birds

A
  • vertebrates with feathers
  • has a beak
  • forelimbs become wings
  • lay eggs with hard and waterproof shells
  • endothermic
  • heart has 4 chambers
22
Q

Features of mammals

A
  • vertebrates with hair
  • has a placenta, diaphragm, and 4 different types of teeth
  • endothermic
  • heart has 4 chambers
  • young feed on milk from mammary glands
23
Q

Features of arthropods

A
  • several pairs of jointed legs
  • no backbone
  • waterproof exoskeleton
24
Q

Features of insects

A
  • arthropods with 3 pairs of jointed legs
  • 2 pairs of wings
  • body divided into head, thorax, and abdomen
  • breathe through trachea
25
Q

Features of crustaceans

A
  • arthropods with more than 4 pairs of jointed legs
  • exoskeleton containing calcium salts
  • breathe through gills
26
Q

Features of arachnids

A
  • arthropods with 4 pairs of jointed legs
  • breathe through gills called book lungs
27
Q

Features of myriapods

A
  • arthropods with many body segments
  • each segment has jointed legs
28
Q

Features of ferns

A
  • plants with roots, stems, and leaves
  • have leaves called fronds
  • do not produce flowers
  • reproduce by spores
29
Q

Features of flowering plants

A
  • plants with roots, stems, and leaves
  • sexually reproduce by flowers and seeds
  • seeds are produced in the ovary of the flower
30
Q

Features of monocotyledonous plants (monocots)

A
  • 1 cotyledon in their seeds
  • branching root system
  • veins on their leaves run in parallel
31
Q

Features of dicotyledonous plants (dicots)

A
  • 2 cotyledons in their seeds
  • tap root system
  • leaves broader than monocots
  • leaves have a network branching veins
32
Q

Define sense organ

A

A group of receptor cells that responds to specific stimuli

biology (12 decks)

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