1 Flashcards
which part of the adrenal gland is associated with aldosterone
zona glomerulosa
what part of adrenal gland is associated with cortisol
zona fasciculata
what part of adrenal gland is associated with adrenal androgens
zona reticularis
what are steroids synthesised from
cholesterol
what is the rate limiting stem in steroidogenesis
the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone via pregnenolone synthase
how many carbon atoms in a steroid structure
17
what are the physiological actions of mieralcorticoids
water and electrolyte balance, increases serum sodium ( and bp)
what are the physiological actions of glucocorticoids
anti-inflammatory, metabolic effects and immunosuppressive
what are the physiological actions of adrenal androgens
maturation and development
what % does transcortin bind cortisol
90%
what % does transocrtin bind aldosterone
60%
what does transcortin not bind
synthetic steroids
what binding protein binds synthetic steroids
albumin
how does cortisol control its release
it has a negative feedback mechanism on the hypothalamus to prevent corticotropin releasing hormone and on the anterior pituitary preventing adrenocorticotropic release
moa of mineralocorticoids
cause sodium uptake leading to fluid reabsorption and potassium loss
mineralocorticoids can cause
a rise in blood pressure
what drug acts as a competitive inhibitors Mineralocorticoid receptors
spironolactone
which synthetic steroid if the longest acting from short to long; betamethasone, hydrocortisone, prednisolone
H, P, B
what synthetic steroid has both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity
prednisolone
what ring in the synthetic steroid structure is essential for gc and mc
A
what ring in the synthetic steroid structure is essential for mc
D C21 OH
what ring in the synthetic stricture is essential for GC
C OH and D C17 OH
give an example of a hypo function
Addison’s disease
what are 3 symptoms of Addison’s disease
appetite loss, discolouration of skin, dehydration
