. Flashcards
What are the main components of nervous tissue?
Nerve cells, nerve fibers, nerve endings
Nerve cells include neurons and supportive cells such as Schwann cells, satellite cells, and glial cells.
What are the two types of nerve cells?
Neurons and supportive cells
Supportive cells include Schwann cells and satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system, as well as glial cells in the central nervous system.
What is the structural unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
Neurons are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.
What are the two physiologic properties of neurons?
Irritability and conductivity
Irritability is the capacity to generate nerve impulses, while conductivity is the ability to transmit those impulses.
What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?
To respond to stimuli and carry impulses towards the cell body
Dendrites are crucial for receiving signals from other neurons.
What is the cell body of a neuron called?
Perikaryon
The perikaryon contains the nucleus and other organelles.
What is the role of the axon in a neuron?
Conducts impulses away from the cell body
The axon is a long process that transmits signals to other neurons or muscles.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a well-developed Golgi Complex that is perinuclear in neurons.
Golgi body
The Golgi body is involved in processing and packaging proteins.
What are Nissl granules?
Clumps of basophilic material in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Nissl granules are found in the cell body and dendrites but not in the axon.
What is the appearance of the nucleus in the cell body of a neuron?
Euchromatic (pale) vesicular nucleus
This type of nucleus indicates active protein synthesis.
True or False: Myelin sheath is present in the cell body of a neuron.
False
The myelin sheath surrounds the axon but is not found in the cell body.
What are the two types of nerve endings?
Receptors (sensory nerve endings) and effectors (motor nerve endings)
Receptors detect stimuli, while effectors respond to impulses.
What is the node of Ranvier?
Gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon
Nodes of Ranvier facilitate rapid signal conduction.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a part of the neuron that contains the nucleus.
Cell body
The cell body is essential for the neuron’s metabolic activities.
What is the terminal end of a neuron?
The part where the axon ends and connects to other cells
It is involved in neurotransmitter release.
