종로 Flashcards
Laconic
Disposed to using few words
말을 많이 하지 않는, 할 말만 하는
syn. Taciturn, reticent
ant. Garrulous, loquacious
Concise
Brief and to the point
간결한
syn. Succinct, terse
ant. Prolix, discursive, protracted, circumlocutory, verbose
Succinct
Spoken or written in a clear and precise manner
간결한, 간단명료한
syn. Terse, concise
Brusque
Rudely abrupt
퉁명스러운
syn. Curt, abrupt, petulant
Abridge
To shorten a written text
요약하다
Syn. Abbreviate
Brevity
Quality of succinct expression
Syn. Conciseness, pithiness, succinctness, laconism
Conspire
To plan together secretly to commit an illegal act
공모하다
Collude, collaborate
Concur
To agree
동의하다
Accord, harmonize, cohere
Concord
A state of harmony
일치, 화합
Unanimity, consensus
Congenital
Existing at birth
선천적인
Innate, inborn
Schism
A division into political or religious faction
분립
Faction, rift, divergence
Incisive
Having or indicating keen insight
예리한, 날카로운
Acute, keen, acute, canny, perspicacious, judicious, shrewd
Judicious
Showing sound judgment, prudent
신중한, 판단력 있는
Prudent, sensible, circumspect, sagacious
Adjudicate
To hear and judge a case
판결을 내리다
Astute
Shrewd, keen
약삭빠른, 영악한
Sagacious, incisive
Scrutinize
To examine carefully
조사하다
Analyze, peruse
Perjure
To lie under oath
위증하다
Prevaricate
Prudent
Using good judgment
신중한
Judicious, sensible
Jurisprudence
The science or philosophy of law
법학
Jurisdiction
The sphere of authority or control
관할권
Domain
Adjure
To command solemnly, as under oath
명하다, 요구하다
Enjoin, entreat, beseech
Adjudge
To determine based upon law
판단을 내리다
Adjudicate
Acumen
Keenness of judgment
통찰력
Discernment, perspicacity, shrewdness
Inscrutable
Beyond comprehension or examination
헤아리기 어려운, 불가해한
Enigmatic, recondite, abstruse
Allegation
A formal accusation
혐의, 주장
Contention, assertion, charge
Pragmatic
Concerned with practical outcomes
실용적인
Eloquent
Well spoken
웅변을 잘하는, 유창한
Articulate, fluent
Loquacious
Very talkative
말이 많은
Garrulous, voluble
Circumlocation
Evasive speech, taking around the subject
에둘러 말하기, 우회적으로 말하기
Evasion
Colloquial
Conversational, using everyday language
대화체의
Grandiloquent
Speaking in a pompous manner
말을 거창하게 하는
Pontifical, portentous
Elocution
Expressive delivery of public speech
웅변술, 연설 능력
Garrulous
Talkative
말이 많은
Loquacious, voluble
Pontificate
To speak pompously
거들먹거리며 말하다
Verbose
Wordy
장황한
Prolix, discursive, digressive
Verbatim
Word for word
말 그대로
Ineffable
Unable to be expressed in words
형연할 수 없는, 표현할 수 없는
Tangential
Only superficially relevant, off topic
별로 관련이 없는
Tout
To promote or praise energetically
극구 칭찬하다, 장점을 내세우다, 광고하다
Acclaim, herald, laud
Anecdote
A short and often humorous story
일화
Discursive
Straying from the topic
두서없는, 산만한
Digressive, desultory
Benefactor
One who supports or helps another
후원자
Philanthropist, patron
Benign
Harmless
상냥한
Innocuous
Benevolent
Kind, considerate
자애로운
Gracious, altruistic, magnanimous
Benediction
An expression of good wishes
축복
Blessing, sanction
Euphemism
The substitution of an inoffensive term for an offensive one
완곡 어구
Eulogy
A praising tribute
찬사
Encomium, laudation, extolment, paean
Ingratiate
To put oneself in good favor with another
환심을 사다
Flatter, wheedle
Beneficiary
One who receives benefits
수혜자
Heir, recipient, legatee
Gratuity
A small payment in gratitude
팁
Gratis
Free of charge
무료로, 거저
Gratify
To please
기쁘게 하다, 충족시키다
Appease, mollify, indulge
Euphoria
A feeling of extreme happiness
행복감, 희열
Elation, rapture, jubilation, ecstasy
Euphonious
Sweet sounding
듣기 좋은
Mellifluous, dulcet, lyrical
Immutable
Unchangeable
불변의
Permanent, inveterate
Metamorphosis
A transformation
탈바꿈, 변형, 변태
Mutation, transmogrification
Rupture
To break open
파열시키다
Bursting, fissure, cleave
Transmute
To transform
변형시키다
Metamorphose, alter, transmogrify
Amorphous
Lacking shape, changeable in from
무정형의
Shapeless, nebulous, vague
Mercurial
Erratic, subject to wild changes in character
변덕스러운, 불규칙한
Fickle, capricious, vacillating
Protean
Capable of assuming different forms
변화무쌍한
Polymorphous, labile
Mutate
To change form
변형되다
Transform, transmogrify
Fickle
Likely to change opinion unpredictably
변덕스러운
Vacillate, waver
Vacillate
To change one’s mind repeatedly
흔들리다
Fluctuate, waver
Fluctuate
To vary irregularly
변동을 거듭하다
Vacillate, waver
Revamp
To revise, to renovate
개조하다, 수리하다
Refurbish, renovate
Amend
To improve, to remove the faults of
개정하다, 수리하다
Rectify, redress, ameliorate, mitigate
Hackneyed
Overused, trite
진부한
Prosaic, banal
Mundane
Ordinary, typical
재미없는, 일상적인
Vacuous
Lacking substance
멍청한, 얼빠진
Inane, asinine
Prosaic
Unimaginative, ordinary
평범한, 따분한, 세속적인
Insipid
Uninteresting, dull, without flavor
재미없는, 맛 없는
Banal
Ordinary, trivial
평범한
Hackneyed, trite
Pedestrian
Commonplace, ordinary
상상력이 없는, 재미없는
Vapid
Dormant
Inactive, sleeping
동면의, 휴면기의, 활동을 중단한
Inert, fallow
Unanimous
In full agreement
만장일치의
Concordant, concerted, consensus
Uniform
Unvarying, always the same
균일한, 한결같은
Homogeneous
Equanimity
The quality of being even tempered
침착, 평정
Composure, imperturbability, aplomb
Magnanimous
Noble of heart, generous, forgiving
너그러운
Philanthropic, altruistic, merciful
Sanguine
Cheerfully optimistic
낙관적인
Blithe, buoyant
Phlegmatic
Sluggish
침착한, 냉정한
Lethargic, torpid, somnolent
Melancholy
Sad, depressed
우울감
Morose, despondent, disconsolate, sullen
Choleric
Easily angered
화를 잘 내는
Fractious, bilious, splenetic, irascible
Recalcitrant
Stubbornly resistant to authority
저항하는, 다루기 힘든
Refractory, intractable
Lethargic
Sluggish, dully apathetic
무기력한, 둔감한
Splenetic
Irritable, easily angered
화를 잘 내는
Bilious, choleric
Querulous
Disposed to complaining
불평하는, 짜증내는
Peevish, captious, carping, caviling
Dolorous
Marked by or expensive of sorrow or pain
비통한, 비통해 하는
Lugubrious, doleful
Animositiy
Hostility, ill-will
적대감, 반감
Malevolence, antagonism, invidiousness
Pusillanious
Cowardly
겁 많은, 겁쟁이인
Timorous, craven, dastardly
Lassitude
Feeling of weakness or listlessness
무기력한
Lethargy, languor, torpor, stupor
spurious
fake, counterfeit
가짜의
guile
trickery, deceit
간교한 속임수
beguile
to deceive with charm
구슬리다, 이끌다, 끌다
strategem
a deceitful scheme
술책, 계략
surreptitious
secret, hidden
은밀한
stealth
sneakiness, ability to avoid detection
살며시 함, 잠행
clandestine
secret, hidden
은밀한
syn. surreptitious, covert
duplicity
deceit, hypocritical deception
이중성, 속임수
syn. chicanery, imporbity
specious
false, but plausible
허울만 그럴 듯한
syn. ostensible, sophistic
furtive
secretive, sneaky
은밀한, 엉큼한
syn. stealthy, cloaked, guileful
pseudonym
pen name
필명
fallacious
deceptive, false
잘못된, 틀린
rapacious
greedy, ravenous
탐욕스러운
transient
fleeting, short-lived
일시적인, 단기적인
syn. ephemeral, evanescent, deciduous, transitory
ephemeral
short-lived
수명이 아주 짧은, 단명하는
syn. transient, evanescent, fleeting
sporadic
irregular or unpredictable, infrequent
산발적인, 이따금 발생하는
syn. intermittent, episodic, mercurial
evanescent
likely to vanish
쉬이 사라지는, 덧없는
capricious
whimsical, impulsive
변덕스러운, 잘 변하는
syn. fickle, volatile, mercurial, erratic
extemporaneous
done with little or no practice
즉석의, 준비 없이 하는
syn. impromptu
anachronism
something out of place in time
시대 착오의
syn. archaism, incongruity, asynchronism
congruity
적합, 조화
transitory
lasting for a short time
일시적인, 덧없는
syn. transient, fleeting
expedite
to speed up
더 신속히 처리하다perfluous
syn. hasten, quicken, facilitate
influx
a flowing in
밀어닥침, 밀려듬
superfluous
beyond what is necessary or sufficient
필요치 않은, 불필요한
contemporaneous
existing or occurring at about the same time
동시에 발생하는
interminable
never ending
끝없이 계속되는
syn. incessant, unremitting
protracted
prolonged, extended in time
오래 끝, 오래 계속된
syn. drawn out
censure
official condemnation, harsh criticism
견책, 불신임
syn. castigation, derision, rebuke
ant. laudation, endorsement
diatribe
malicious criticism or abuse
비판, 공격
syn. castigation, derision, harangue
caustic
corrosive, sarcastic
신랄한, 비꼬는
syn. abrasive, acrimonious
ant. mitigating, conciliatory, mollifying
repudiate
to cast off publicly
거부하다, 부인하다,
syn. disavow, abjure, forswear
ant. condone 용납하다
derogatory
disparaging, belittling
경멸하는, 비판적인
syn. pejorative, derisive, disparaging
admonish
to reprimand mildly
꾸짖다, 책망하다
syn. rebuke, reprove
ant. revere, endorse
disparage
to belittle, to demean
폄하하다
syn. deprecate, discredit
impugn
to attack as untrue, to refute by argument
의문을 제기하다
malediction
a curse
syn. anathema, execration
저주, 악담
denigrate
to attack the character of, to disparage
slander, decry
폄하하다
harangue
a long, critical and pompous speech
장광설을 늘어놓다
syn. diatribe, discourse
pejorative
tending to make worse
경멸적인, 비난투의
slander
comments that injure another’s reputation
모략, 명예 회손죄
calumny
slander, false accusation
중상, 비방
sanctimonious
falsely pious or self-righteous
syn. holier-than-thous, unctuous
ant. sincere, unaffected, guileless
독실한 체하는
sacrosanct
profoundly sacred
신성불가침의
syn. inviolable, consecrated, divine, revered
sanctuary
a place of refuge, a sacred place
보호구역, 성소
syn. shrine, asylum
sacrilegious
grossly irreverent, disrespectful of something sacred
신성을 더럽히는
revere
to regard with honor and devotion
숭배하다
syn. venerate, idolize, esteem
ant. loathe
pious
showing religious reverence
경건한, 독실한
syn. devout, reverential
ant. irreverent, blasphemous
deference
respect of the wishes of others
존중, 경의
syn. courtesy, reverence
ant. impertinence
sacrament
a formal religious act or oath
성례
syn. rite, liturgy
venerable
worthy of respect
공경할 만한
syn. revered, honorable
venerate
to regard with reverence or respect
공경하다, 숭배하다
syn. revere, extol 극찬하다
consecrate
to declare to be holy
축성하다, 바치다, 신성화하다
syn. venerate, bless
talisman
an object with magical powers
부적
syn. charm, amulet
lionize
to treat as a celebrity
떠받들다, 신격화하다
syn. glorify, exalt, panegyrize, apotheosize, deify
Formidable
가공할, 어마어마한
Awesome, hard to overcome, dreadful
Syn. Indomitable, redoubtable
Potent
Strong and effective
강한, 센
Syn. Efficacious, forceful
Bulwark
A strong defense
방어물, 보호자
Syn. Bastion, redoubt, rampart
Indomitable
Unable to be conquered
불굴의
Syn. Impregnable, invincible
Redoubtable
Arousing fear, formidable, awesome
가공할
Robust
Full of vigor
팔팔한, 튼튼한, 원기왕성한
Syn. Brawny, athletic, potent
Ant. Delicate
Impervious
Incapable of being penetrated or affected
통과시키지 않는, ~에 영향받지 않는
Syn. Impenetrable, impregnable
Ant, permeable, penetrable
Efficacious
Capable of producing a desired effect
효과적인
Syn. Proficient
Stalwart
Physically or morally strong person, strong supporter
충실한, 튼튼한, 충실한 일꾼
Syn. Mainstay, partisan
Impotent
Lacking strength or power
무력한
Syn. Enervated, effete
Predominant
Most important
두드러진, 뚜렷한, 우세한
Syn. Paramount, preeminent
Impregnable
Unable to be entered by force
난공불락의, 무적의, 확고한
Impenetrable, invincible, indomitable
brawn
muscular strength
체력
syn. robustness, vigor
bastion
stronghold, fortress
수호자, 요새
syn. bulwark
coalsce
to blend or fuse together
합치다, 혼합하다
syn. amalgamate, consolidate, fuse
ant. disperse, diverge, dissipate
anthology
a collection of words
선집, 문집
syn. compilation, compendium, treasury
convoke
to call together
소집하다
assemble, summon
ant. dismiss, disperse
synchronize
to arrange events to occur simultaneously
동시에 발생하다
coordinate
synthesis
a fusion, a bringing together
종합, 통합
eclectic
made up of parts from many different sources
절충적인, 다방면에 걸친
multifaceted, multifarious, manifold, diverse, synthesized
yoke
to join different things
멍에를 씌우다, 얽어매다
amalgam
a combination of different substances into one mass
혼합물
composite, hybrid
amass
to gather, to pile up
모으다, 축적하다
syn. stockpile, accrue
invoke
to call on for help or inspiration
불러일으키다
compatible
capable of living together harmoniously
호환이 되는, 양립될 수 있는
agreeable
contemporary
living or occurring during the same time period
동시대의, 현대의
predilection
disposition in favor of something
매우 좋아함
syn. inclination, bent, proclivity, propensity, penchant
ruthless
cruel, merciless
무자비한
brutal, callous
ant. civilized, humane, merciful
contempt
scorn, disrespect
경멸
disdain
callous
hardened, insensitive
냉담한
dispassionate
ant. compassionate, empathetic,icsympatheticist
sadistic
taking pleasure in the pain of others
사디스트적인, 가학적인
syn. barbarous, savage, ruthless
supercilious
full of haughty arrogance
거만한
haughty, cavalier
ant. diffident, unassuming, humble
idiosyncras
a peculiar trait or habit
특이한 성격
syn. quirk, affectation, eccentricity, singularity
anomaly
unusual event
변칙, 이례
syn. aberation, irregularity
incongruous
inappropriate, not in keeping with a pattern
어울리지 않는, 이상한
fetter
to tie up, to chain
구속하다, 족쇄를 채우다
shackle, hamper
notorious
famous for bad things
악명 높은
infamous, disreputable
decry
to speak out against
매도하다
vilify, condemn
vilify
to slander, to defame
명예를 훼손하다, 비난하다, 비방하다
denigrate, malign, libel, calumniate
heinous
cruel and unusual
악랄한, 극악무도한
atrocious, monstrous
revile
to denounce abusively
매도하다
atrophy
to weaken from disuse
위축되다
degenerate, deterioate
abate
to subside, to decrease in intensity
약해지다, 가라앉다, 줄이다
porous
filled with many holes
다공성의, 투과성의 (구멍이 많은)
wane
to grow smaller or less intense
약해지다, 줄어들다, 시들해지다
lassitude
a feeling of weakness
무기력한
undermine
to weaken or diminish something
약화시키다
obsequious
overly submissive
아부하는
attrition
a wearing away of strength or morale
소모
enervate
to weaken someone’s vitality
기력을 떨어뜨리다
vulnerable
prone to attack or harm
취약한, 연약한
ebb
to decrease or decline slowly
서서히 사그라지다, 약해지다, 썰물
compliant
submissive
순응하는, 따르는
debilitate
to sap the strength of
심신을 약화시키다
placid
calm
차분한
inert
sluggish, inactive
기력이 없는, 비활성의
listless
sluggish, without energy
힘이 없는, 무기력한
quiescent
resting, quiet
조용한, 진행이 중단된
serene
tranquil, calm, placid
고요한, 평화로운, 조용한
static
stationary
고정된, 정지 상태의
lethargic
lazy, sluggish
무기력한, 둔감한
moratorium
postponement
활동 중단, 지ㅏ불 유예, 연기
stagnate
to become inactive, to become stale
침체되다, 부진해지다
torpor
lethargic, apathy
무기력
respite
rest, time of relief, pause
일시적인 중단, 유예, 연기
hiatus
a break in the continuity of something
틈
torpid
hibernating, dormant
무기력한, 활기 없는, 동면
belligerent
warlike, quarrelsome
호전적인
irascible
easily angered
화를 잘 내는
volatile
변덕스러움, 불안한, 휘발성의
explosive, tending to evaporate quickly
rebuttal
원고의 반박, 반증
refutation, opposing response to an argument
refute
to disprove, to rebut forcefully
논박하다, 반박하다
incite
to urge into action
선동하다, 조장하다
pugnacious
quarrelsome, warlike
호전적인
bellicose
warlike in manner
호전적인, 싸우기 좋아하는
harass
to bother, to annoy
괴롭히다
assail
to attack or assault
공격을 가하다
tumultuous
violently agitated
격동의, 떠들썩한
instigate
to goad, to urge on
실시하게 하다, 부추기다, 선동하다
provocate
tending to aggravate or stimulate
자극적인, 도발적인, 화를 돋우려는
propensity
a natural inclination, a tendency
경향
acrimony
bitterness of feeling, harsh words
악다구니, 악감정
appalling
shocking, casing dismay
간담을 서늘케 하는, 끔찍한, 경악스러운
cacophony
discord, harsh sounds
불협화음
abysmal
extremely bad, wretched
최악의, 최저의
acrid
harsh smelling or tasting
매캐한, 콕 쏘는 듯한, 신랄한
blatant
very conspicuous, annoying loud
노골적인, 뻔한
deplorable
worthy of reproach or censure
한심스러운, 개탄스러운, 참담한, 비참한
egregious
conspicuously bad, flagrant
터무니 없는, 노골적인
lurid
shocking, sensational
충격적인, 끔찍한
noisome
offensive to the senses or the health
역겨운, 고약한/ 혐오스러운
flagrant
offensively bad, reprehensible
아주 못된, 노골적인, 명백한, 비난받을 만한
heinous
cruel, shockingly evil
악랄한, 극악무도한
astringent
caustic, pungent
신랄한
ambulatory
capable of moving around
보행의, 이동하는
deviate
to swerve or deflect
벗어나다, 일탈하다, 방향을 바꾸다
influx
a flowing in
밀려듦, 밀어닥침
meander
to wander aimlessly
거닐다, 구불구불하다
peripatetic
traveling from place to place
이동해 다니는
impel
to put into motion, to urge
~해야만 하게 하다
expedite
to speed up the progress of
더 신속히 처리하다
itinerant
traveling from place to place
순방하다, 순회하다
nomadic
wandering without a permanent house
유목의, 방랑의
peripheral
located on the outer boundary
주변적인, 주변부의
compel
to urge into action by force
강요하다
vagrant
wandering from place to place
부랑자
permabulate
to move about
순회하다, 배회하다, 거닐다
raze
to destroy completely
완전히 파괴하다
jettison
to throw overboard
버리다, 폐기하다
abort
to terminate prematurely
도중하차하다, 중단시키다
purge
to cleanse of something unwanted
제거하다, 몰아내다
forgo
to give something up
포기하다
deplete
to decrease the supply of
고갈시키다, 대폭 감소시키다
dearth
부족
lack, scarcity
rescind
to take back, to cancel
폐지하다, 철회하다, 해지하다
efface
지우다
to erase by rubbing
abdicate
to give up power
최우하다
renounce
포기를 선언하다
to give up in a formal announcement
nullify
무효화하다
to make invalid
relinquish
to abandon or give up
포기하다, 넘기다, 내주다
cathartic
ahaving a purging effect, inducing the release of emotional tension
배변의, 카타르시스의, 후련한
altruism
selflessness
이타주의, 이타심
amiable
friendly, agreeable
상냥한
philanthropist
one who does good, lover of humankind
독지가, 자선가
congenial
friendly, pleasant
상냥한, 마음이 맞는
munificent
generous
대단히 후한, 관대한
decorum
propriety, good manners
점잖음, 예의
amity
friendship
우호, 친선
decorous
exhibiting good taste in behavior or appearance
점잖은, 예의 바른
affable
friendly, kind
상냥한
gregarious
sociable
사교적인
amicable
polite and friendly
우호적인, 원만한
magnanimous
generous, big-hearted
너그러운
geniality
cheerfulness
친절, 상냥함,온정
pedantic
showy about knowledge
현학적인, 지나치게 규칙을 찾는
grandiose
pretentious, ridiculously exaggerated
거창한, 거창하기만 한
bombastic
pompous, using inflated language
과장한, 허풍떠는
ostentatious
showy, pretentious
과시하는, 대단히 비싼, 호사스러운
pompous
possessing excessive self-esteem, pretentious
젠체하는, 거만한, 허풍떠는
swagger
to walk or strut in an arrogant manner
으스대며 걷다, 활보하다
lofty
haughty, overly proud
아주 높은, 오만한
garish
flashy, loud
요란한, 화려한
ornate
overly decorated
화려하게 장식된
opulence
luxuriousness
화려함, 풍부
pretentious
ostentatious
허세부리는, 가식적인
baroque
extravagantly ornate and convoluted in style
바로크 양식의, 사치스럽게 화려한, 난해한
adroit
dexterous, skillful
노련한
unerring
committing no mistakes, perfect
틀림없는, 항상 정확한
adept
highly skilled
능숙한
aptitude
a natural ability, intelligence
소질, 적성
paragon
a model of excellence, perfection
모범
deft
adroit, skillful
능숙한, 재빠른
preeminent
outstanding
탁월한, 발군의, 우위의, 현저한
expertise
knowledge or skill in a particular area
전문 지식
discerning
showing good judgment or keen insight
안목이 있는, 통찰력 있는
agility
nimbleness
민첩
consummate
perfect in every respect
완벽한, 능숙한
dexterous
skillful with the hands
손재주가 비상한, 솜씨 좋은
impeccable
flawless
흠 잡을 데 없는
immaculate, infallible, transcendant
precocious
unusually advanced or mature in development
조숙한, 아이 같지 않은
nefarious
wicked, sinful
사악한, 범죄의, 비도덕적인
repugnant
offensive, repulsive
불쾌한, 혐오스러운
infamous
famous for bad deeds, notorious
악명 높은
odious
worthy of dislike, arousing feelings of dislike
끔찍한, 혐오스러운
malevolent
wishing harm to others, evil
악의 있는
malefactor
an evildoer
악인, 악한
abominable
가공할, 심히 끔찍한
avarice
extreme greed
탐욕
bigotry
intolerance toward those who are different
심한 편견, 편협성
hypocrite
one who says something but does another
위선자
miserly
lacking generosity
인색한, 궁색한, 구두쇠인
inimical
unfriendly
적대적인, ~에 해로운
curmudgeon
a cranky person
괴팍한 사람
misanthrope
one who hates humankind
사람을 싫어하는 사람
perfidy
deliberate breach of trust, treachery
배신
charlatan
a fraud, a quack
사기꾼, 돌팔이
ruse
a crafty scheme
계략, 책략
subterfuge
a scheme, an attempt to deceive
속임수
dupe
one who is easily deceived
속기 쉬운 사람
pilfer
to steal
좀도둑질을 하다
swindle
to cheat
사기치다
gullible
easily deceived
남을 잘 믿는
embezzle
to steal money from one’s employer
횡령하다
machination
a crafty scheme
교묘한 책략
bilk
to cheat, to swindle,
사취하다, 속이다
larceny
theft
절도, 도둑질
filch
to steal
좀도둑질을 하다,
fleece
to defraud of money, to swindle
바가지를 씌우다
hedonist
a pleasure seeker
쾌락주의자
perfidy
deliberate breach of trust, treachery
배신
charlatan
a fraud, a quack
사기꾼, 돌팔이
ruse
a crafty scheme
계략, 책략
subterfuge
a scheme, an attempt to deceive
속임수
dupe
one who is easily deceived
속기 쉬운 사람
pilfer
to steal
좀도둑질을 하다
swindle
to cheat
사기치다
zealot
one who engages passionately in a cause
열성적인 사람, 광신자
embezzle
to steal money from one’s employer
횡령하다
machination
a crafty scheme
교묘한 책략
bilk
to cheat, to swindle,
사취하다, 속이다
fanatic
one who shows extreme enthusiasm for a cause
광신도, 광적인 사람
filch
to steal
좀도둑질을 하다,
fleece
to defraud of money, to swindle
바가지를 씌우다
ascetic
one who lives a holy life of self-denial
금욕적인
anarchist
one who opposes all political authority
무정부주의자
pacifist
an individual who is opposed to violence
평화주의자
atheist
one who does not believe that God exists
무신론자
nihilist
one who rejects moral distinctions and knowable “truths”
허무주의자
despot
a tyrant, one who oppressively
폭군
narcissist
one in love with his/her own image
열성적인 사람, 광신자
zealot
one wh
sybarite
an individual who seeks luxury
사치와 향락을 일삼는 사람
pessimist
an individual who focuses on the negative side of a situation
비관주의자
optimist
one who focuses on the positive side of a situation
낙천주의자
fanatic
one who shows extreme enthusiasm for a cause
광신도, 광적인 사람
cajole
to persuade by using flattery
꼬드기다, 회유하다, 구슬리다
assuage
to soothe anger or pain, to satisfy a hunger
누그러뜨리다, 달래다
mollify
to soothe the anger of
달래다, 진정시키다
exonerate
to clear from accusation
무죄임을 발혀 주다
placate
to soothe, to mollify
달래다
exculpate
to free from blame
무죄를 입증하다
anesthetic
something that reduces sensation
마취제
pacify
to soothe the agitation or anger of
달래다, 진정시키다
invigorate
to energize
기운 나게 하다, 활기를 북돋우다
begrudge
to give in to something reluctantly
아까워하다, 시기하다, 못마땅해 하다
emollient
a substances that softens
진정시키는
absolve
to pardon
무죄임을 선언하다, 용서하다
placid
peaceful, calm
차분한
mitigate
to make less severe, to lessen the force of
완화시키다
cajole
to persuade by using flattery
꼬드기다, 회유하다, 구슬리다
exhort
to urge strongly
촉구하다, 열심히 권하다
coerce
to persuade through the use of force
강압하다
induce
to cause
설득하다, 유도하다, 유발하다
coax
to persuade by using flattery
구슬리다, 달래다
provoke
to stir up, to excite
유발하다, 짜증나게 하다, 도발하다
obligatory
required
의무적인
wheedle
to influence by flattery
구슬리다, 꾀다
goad
to urge into action
선동하다, 자극하다
begrudge
to give in to something reluct
spur
to goad into action
자극하다
prerequisite
a requirement
전제 조건, 필수 조건
resigned
accepting of one’s fate
받아들이는, 체념한
tactile
able to be sensed by touch
촉각의
olfactory
relating to the sense of smell
후각의
gustatory
relating to the sense of taste
미각의
auditory
relating to the sense of hearing
청각의
discern
to perceive as separate, to sense keenly
알아차리다, 파악하다
pungent
having a sharp or irritating odor
톡 쏘는 듯한
palpable
detectable by touch
감지할 수 있는, 손에 만져질 듯한
ascertain
to learn for certain
알아내다, 확인하다
savory
pleasant tasting, appetizing
맛좋은, 구미를 당기는
putrid
rotten, having a foul odor
부패하는, 썩는, 악취가 나는
myopic
short-sightedness
근시의
perceive
to become aware
인지하다
aural
relating to the sense of hearing
청각의
tangible
detectable by touch, substantial
만질 수 있는, 실재하는
thwart
to stop something before it is able to succeed
좌절시키다
abstain
to refrain from action
기권하다
deterrent
something that acts to discourage
제지하는 것, 억제하는 것
impede
to slow the progress of, to block
지연시키다, 방해하다
hinder
to slow the progress of
방해하다
curtail
to make less
축소시키다
impediment
장애
something that works to impede progress
stymie
to present an obstacle to
방해하다
dissuade
to persuade not to do something
만류하다
refrain
to hold back from doing
삼가다, 그만두다
abstinence
the voluntary avoidance of something
자제, 금욕
tentative
uncertain
잠정적인, 자신없는
hamper
to restrict the progress of
방해하다, 제한하다
abstemious
sparing or moderate in consumption
자제하는, 절제하는
destitute
completely penniless
궁핍한
frugal
economical, good with money
절약하는
remuneration
payment for services
보수
impecunious
without money
무일푼의
improvident
failing to provide for the future
앞날을 생각하지 않는
parsimony
excessive thriftiness
인색함
venal
able to be bribed
부패한
thrifty
economical, good with money
절약하는
pauper
an extremely poor individual
아주 가난한 사람
mercenary
one who gives his services to the highest bidder
용병
perquisite
payment or privilege received in addition to wages
특전, 특권
insolvent
bankrupt
파산한
indigent
impoverished, poor
궁핍한
pecuniary
pertaining to money
금전상의
prophecy
a prediction of the future
예언
harbinger
a precursor
조짐
augur
to predict the future
전조가 되다, 조짐이 되다
premonition
a forewarning
예감 (특히 불길한)
portend
to give advance warning
전조이다, 징후이다
prescient
having knowledge of future events
선견지명, 예지력이 있는
omen
a sign of something to come
징조, 조짐
foresight
the ability to see things coming
예지력, 선견지명
clairvoyant
one with great foresight
신통력
portent
전조, 징후
preempt
to block by acting first
미연에 방지하다, 먼저 하다
premeditate
to plan ahead of time
미리 계획하다
prophetic
able to tell the future
예언적인
bode
to be an omen for something
archaic
ancient
낡은, 구식인
relic
an object from an ancient time
유물, 유적
decrepit
worn out from old age or use
노후한, 노쇠한
antiquated
obsolete, outdated
구식인
antediluvian
very old
아주 구식인
defunct
no longer in existence
현존하지 않는
perpetuate
to keep from dying out
영구화하다
outmoded
out of fashion, obsolete
유행에 뒤떨어진, 구식인
artifact
an object of historical interest
인공 유물
obsolete
outmoded
한물간, 구식의, 더 이상 쓸모가 없는
dilapidated
worn out
허물어져 가는
threadbare
shabby, worn down such that the threads show
올이 다 드러난
archive
a collection of historically interesting material
기록 보관소
apathy
lack of feeling
무관심
apprehensive
uneasy
걱정되는, 불안한
contrite
repentant
깊이 뉘우치는
lament
to mourn, to show sorrow
애통하다
console
to comfort
위로하다, 위안을 주다
impassive
lacking emotion
아무런 감정이 없는, 무덤덤한
ignominy
humiliation, shame
불명예, 수치
pathos
pity, feeling of sorrow
연민, 동정
empathy
the ability to identify with another’s feelings
공감, 감정이입
penitent
feeling remorse for one’s actions
뉘우치는
ambivalent
having mined feelings toward something
반대 감정이 병존하는
poignant
causing a sharp emotional response
가슴 아픈, 저미는
remorse
regret for past deeds
회한, 후회
antipathy
strong feelings against something
반감
candor
honesty, straightforwardness
솔직, 정직
affect
to put on airs, to behave unnaturally
가장하다, ~체하다
veracity
truthfulness
진실성
debunk
to expose something as fraudulent
틀렸음을 드러내다, 정체를 폭로하다
apocryphal
of doubtful authenticity
출처가 불분명한
forthright
honest, straightforward
솔직 담백한
disingenuous
insincere, honest
솔직하지 못한
candid
솔직한
dubious
doubtful
의심하는, 수상쩍은
prevaricate
to lie
얼버무리다, 거짓말하다
verisimilitude
the quality of appearing to be true
그럴듯함, 신빙성
outspoken
deceitful
노골적으로 말하는
fraudulent
deceitful
사기를 치는
facade
outward appearance, a false front
표면, 허울
mirth
merriment, laughter
웃음소리, 즐거움
aesthetic
reading to beauty or a theory of beauty
미적인
satire
a mocking literary or dramatic work
풍자
curator
the individual in charge of a museum
전시 책임자
witticism
a clever or funny remark
재치 있는 말, 재담
jocular
done in a joking way
익살스러운, 유머러스한
malapropism
the outrageous misuse of a word
말의 익살스런 오용
levity
a lack of seriousness
경솔, 경박
bard
a skilled poet
시인
parody
a spoof
풍자, 패러디
burlesque, lampoon, travesty
epic
a lengthy poem that celebrates the life of a hero
서사시, 영웅시
aesthete
a person interested in the pursuit of beauty
탐미주의자, 예술 애호가
dilettante
one who dabbles in an art
호사가
lampoon
to make fun of
풍자하다
chastise
to punish or criticize
꾸짖다
reprove
to scold
꾸짖다
reprehensible
worthy of blame or censure
비난받을 만한, 부끄러운
culpable
deserving blame
비난받을 만한
indict
to accuse of an offense
기소하다
reproach
to blame, to express disapproval
비난하다
rebuke
to scold
꾸짖다
castigate
to punish severely
크게 책망하다, 비난하다
impeach
to accuse of wrongdoing
고발하다
irreproachable
beyond blame
나무랄 데 없는, 흠잡을 데 없는
berate
to punish severely
질책하다
culprit
one guilty of a crime
범인, 장본인
acquit
to clear of a charge
무죄를 선고하다
reprimand
to scold
질책하다, 꾸짖다
diligence
hard work and dedication
근면, 성실
scrupulous
세심한, 꼼꼼한
careful, ethical
meticulous
attentive to detail
세심한
indefatigable
untiring
지칠 줄 모르는, 포기할 줄 모르는
spartan
full of self-discipline
엄격하고 검소한
painstaking
meticulous, paying great attention to detail
공들인
assiduous
hard working
근면 성실한
prolific
extremely productive
다작하는
integrity
honesty and virtue
진실성, 선함
enterprising
full of initiative and imagination
진취력이 있는, 기획력이 있는
entrepreneur
a self-made businessman
사업가
industrious
hard-working, diligent
근면한, 부지런한
resolute
determined, willing to push on
단호한, 확고한
conform
to do what one is expected to do
따르다, 순응하다
orthodoxy
strict adherence to tradition
통설, 정설
iconoclast
one who challenges tradition
우상 파괴자, 인습 타파주의자
heresy
opinion or action that violates traditional belief
이단
insurgent
rebellious
반항하는, 반란을 일으킨 사람
convention
a practice that comports with the norms of a society
관습, 관례
insubordination
refusal to submit to authority
불북종, 반항
renegade
an outlaw
이탈자, 탈당자
insurrection
an uprising
반란 사태
dissident
one who strongly opposes accepted opinion
반체제 인사
mutiny
a rebellion
반란
servile
overly submissive
굽신거리는
heretic
one who dissents
이단자
apostasy
abandonment of a belief
배신
insolent
rudely disrespectful
버릇없는, 무례한
affront
an insult
모욕
haughty
overly proud
거만한
crass
unrefined
무신경한
impudent
rudely bold
무례한, 버릇없는
boorish
crude, barbaric
상스러운, 천박한
irreverence
disrespect
불경, 불손
flippant
disrespectfully jocular, using humor inappropriately
경솔한
brazen
bold and insolent
뻔뻔한, 부례한
truculent
cruel and aggressive
반항적인, 약간 공격적인
effrontery
뻔뻔스러움
boldness, brashness
impertinent
inappropriately bold
무례한, 버릇없는
glacial
having a cold personality
냉랭한, 냉정한
rebuff
to refuse in an abrupt or rude manner
퇴짜, 묵살
arid
extremely dry
매우 건조한
astral
relating to the stars
별의
nautical
pertaining to sailing
항해의
lunar
relating to the moon
달의
fecund
fertile, fruitful
비옥한, 다산성의
fallow
unused, plowed but not cultivated
휴한하는, 놀리는
cosmic
relating to the universe
우주의
celestial
relating to the sky
하늘의
arable
able to be cultivated
곡식을 경작하는
desiccated
completely dried out
건조시킨
quagmire
swampy land, difficult situation
수렁, 진창
bucolic
characteristic of the countryside
전원의
cultivate
to nurture, to grow crops
경작하다, 재배하다
paucity
lack, scarcity
소량, 부족
surfeit
an excessive amount
과다
copious
abundant
엄청난, 방대한
barren
infertile
척박한, 황량한
capacious
having lots of room
널찍한, 큼직한
scanty
meager, barely enough
빈약한, 얼마 안 되는
replete
completely filled
가득한
dearth
a lack, scarcity
부족
voluminous
having great size
아주 큰
desolate
deserted
황량한
diminutive
tiny
아주 작은
meager
inadequate
메마른, 불충분한
rarefy
to make less dense or less plentiful
희박하게 하다
rife
plentiful
가득한
eulogy
an honorific speech at a funeral
찬사, 추도 연설
despondent
lacking hope
낙담한
doleful
filled with grief
애절한, 슬픈
anemic
feeble, characterized by oxygen deficiency in the blood
빈혈의, 허약한
malady
a disease
병
anguish
extreme suffering
괴로움, 비통
dirge
a funeral song
만가 (장례식 때 부르는)
blight
a diseased condition
망치다, 병풍해, 어두운 그림자
affliction
a disorder causing suffering
고통
elegy
a poem or song relating to death
애가, 비가
epitaph
an inscription found on a gravestone
묘비명
doldrums
the blues, persistent unhappiness
침울, 우울
adversity
hardship
역경
etymology
어원학
archaeology
고고학
anthropology
인류학
ethics
윤리학
semantics
의미론
theology
신학
pathology
병리학
sociology
사회학
entomology
곤충학
genealogy
계보학, 족보학
demographics
인구통계학
oncology
종양학
paleontology
화석학, 고생물학
neurology
신경학
hermit
one who prefers to live alone
은둔자
ostracize
to exclude from a group
배척하다, 외면하다, 추방하다
exile
a banishment
추방, 망명
expel
to force to leave
추방하다
recluse
one who likes to live alone
은둔자
isolate
to place something apart from everything else
격리하다, 고립시키다
solitude
isolation, the quality of being alone
고독
banish
to force to leave an area
추방하다
outcast
an individual who has been excluded from a group
따돌림받는 사람, 버림받는 사람
seclusion
privacy
호젓함, 고독, 격리
pariah
an individual who has been excluded from a group
버림받은 사람
relegate
to banish, to demote in rank
격하시키다, 밀쳐 버리다
quarantine
a period of isolation for someone infected with a contagion
격리
disseminate
to spread information
퍼뜨리다
diverge
to go apart
갈라지다, 나뉘다
proliferate
to grow rapidly, to produce offspring at a rapid pace
급증하다
amass
to accumulate, to gather together
모으다, 급증하다
distend
to swell, to increase in size
팽창하다
propagate
to cause to multiply, to publicize, to travel through a medium
번식시키다, 전파하다, 선전하다
inundate
to flood
침수시키다, 감당 못할 정도로 주다
diffuse
to spread out
분산시키다, 확산시키다
germinate
to sprout, to grow
싹트다, 시작되다
disperse
to spread apart
흩어지다, 확산시키다
rampant
growing out of control
걷잡을 숭 ㅓㅄ는, 만연한
dissipate
to scatter
소멸되다
saturate
to fill completely, as with a liquid or solute
흠뻑 적시다
annex
to attach, to acquire land to expand an existing country
합병하다
addendum
something added, a supplement to a book
부록
postscript
a message added after the completion of a letter
추신
epilogue
an extra chapter added onto the end of a novel
끝맺는 말
append
to affix something, to add on
덧붙이다
adjunct
added in a subordinated capacity
부속되어 있는
augment
to add onto
늘리다, 증가시키다
cession
the act of surrendering or yielding
양도
affix
to attach
부착하다, 붙이다
appropriate
to take another’s work or possessions as one’s own
도용하다
encore
an extra performance at the end of a show
appendix
supplementary material at the end of a text
부록
supplement
to add something to complete or strengthen a whole
보충물
circumscribed
having distinct boundaries or limits
국한된, 제한된
